Syntax



The Katzebase SQL dialect (KBSQL) is very similar to T-SQL. Statements do not need to be separated by semicolons or any other terminator; a script can simply list one statement after another. Statements are used to create and alter schemas and indexes; to insert, read, update and delete documents; to manage accounts and permissions; and to run system procedures.
The statements fall into two groups: (1) DML, or data manipulation language, for selecting, inserting, updating and deleting documents, and (2) DDL, or data definition language, for objects such as schemas, indexes, accounts and roles. See DML Glossary and DDL Glossary.

Sample data

The examples use the WordList sample database (see the home page) and the built-in Single schema.


A schema is a container of documents, indexes and other schemas. Schemas are nested and their names are separated with colons, for example WordList:Word is the Word schema inside the WordList schema. A document is a set of field/value pairs. Documents in the same schema do not need to have the same fields.
  • Keywords, schema names, field names and function names are not case-sensitive.
  • String comparisons with =, != and LIKE are not case-sensitive.
  • Strings are enclosed in single (or double) quotes.
  • Comments start with -- (until the end of the line) or are enclosed in /* and */.

See Expressions for literals, operators and variables.


round-pushpin Selects all fields from the Word schema.
SELECT * FROM WordList:Word

round-pushpin Selects specific fields from the Word schema for a given Text.
SELECT
    Id, Text, LanguageId
FROM
    WordList:Word
WHERE
    Text = 'Dog'


round-pushpin Inserts two documents using a field list and a values list.
INSERT INTO WordList:Word (Id, Text, LanguageId)
VALUES (1000, 'Sarah', 1), (1001, 'Brightman', 1)

round-pushpin Inserts two documents using field: value pairs. The fields can be different for each document.
INSERT INTO WordList:Word
(Id: 1002, Text: 'Neward', LanguageId: 1),
(Id: 1003, Text: 'Katzebase')


round-pushpin Updates the document with the given Id.
UPDATE
    WordList:Word
SET
    Text = 'Newark',
    LanguageId = 2
WHERE
    Id = 1002


round-pushpin Deletes documents by Text.
DELETE FROM
    WordList:Word
WHERE
    Text = 'Newark'



round-pushpin Creates a schema inside the existing WordList schema.
CREATE SCHEMA WordList:Definitions


round-pushpin Drops a schema with all of its documents, indexes and child schemas.
DROP SCHEMA WordList:Definitions


round-pushpin Creates a composite index.
CREATE INDEX IX_Word_LanguageId_Text
(
    LanguageId,
    Text
) ON WordList:Word


round-pushpin Drops an index.
DROP INDEX IX_Word_LanguageId_Text ON WordList:Word


round-pushpin Lists the connected processes.
EXEC ShowProcesses




SQL :: DDL Glossary
A catalog of DDL related topics.
SQL :: Declare
Declares a variable for the rest of a script.
SQL :: DML Glossary
A catalog of DML related topics.
SQL :: Exec
Exec runs a system procedure.
SQL :: Expressions
Literals, operators, comments and variables in KBSQL.
SQL :: Floor
Returns the largest whole number that is less than or equal to the given number.
SQL :: FormatDateTime
Parses a date/time value and returns it formatted with a .NET date/time format string. See DateTime for the format specifiers.
SQL :: FormatNumeric
Formats a number using a .NET numeric format string and returns the result as text.
SQL :: GeometricMean
Returns the geometric mean of the values in each group: the nth root of their product. Useful for growth rates and ratios.
SQL :: Group By
Group by collapses a result set into one row per distinct set of values.